how to pronounce penumbra
/pɪˈnʌmbɹə/
audio example by a male speaker
audio example by a female speaker
the above transcription of penumbra is a detailed (narrow) transcription according to the rules of the International Phonetic Association; you can find a description of each symbol by clicking the phoneme buttons in the secction below.
penumbra is pronounced in three syllables
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example pitch curve for pronunciation of penumbra
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video examples of penumbra pronunciation
An example use of penumbra in a speech by a native speaker of american english:
“… shaded penumbra their placement …”
meanings of penumbra
noun:
- (in "ischaemic penumbra", after a stroke) A region of the brain that has lost only some of its blood supply, and retains structural integrity but has lost function.
- An area that lies on the edge of something; a fringe.
- A partially shaded area around the edges of a shadow, especially an eclipse.
- An area of uncertainty or intermediacy between two mutually exclusive states or categories.
- A region around the edge of a sunspot, darker than the sun's surface but lighter than the middle of the sunspot.
- Something related to, connected to, and implied by, the existence of something else that is necessary for the second thing to be full and complete in its essential aspects.
penumbra frequency in english - C2+ level of CEFR
the word penumbra occurs in english on average 0.1 times per one million words; this frequency warrants it to be in the study list for C2+ level of language mastery according to CEFR, the Common European Framework of Reference.
topics penumbra can be related to
it is hard to perfectly classify words into specific topics since each word can have many context of its use, but our machine-learning models believe that penumbra can be often used in the following areas:
1) communication, information, and media;
2) education, science, and technology;
3) life, nature, and living environment;
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